Advent– the four weeks leading up to Christ’s birth– came into being in the thirteenth century, less than a hundred years before Niall’s birth in 1290. Like today, it was a time of fasting, penance, and preparation for the coming of Christ. Like today, it seems the Lenten fasting regulations were more strict than those for Advent. Today, Roman Catholics are not obligated to fast, but in Niall’s time, abstinance from meat, cheese, fat, honey-beer, ale, and wine was expected three days a week. In addition, weddings, games, and unnecessary travel were to be avoided in this time.
As usual, sources disagree, but at least some believe the advent wreath has been in use as a Christian symbol since medieval times. The advent wreath is a circular garland holding four candles– typically three purple and one pink– for the four weeks of advent.
Niall and Glenmirril’s chapel may or may not have known Nativity Scenes in 1314 and the years shortly after. They originated with St. Francis of Assisi in 1223 in Italy. It is possible the idea traveled to the Scottish Highlands in 90+ years. He definitely would not have know Advent Calendars, however, as they were not introduced until the 1800′s in Germany.
For a December collection of medieval Christmas stories and legends, go to The New York Wood Carver’s Medieval Advent Calendar.
Sources: Alice’s Medieval Feasts and Fasts, Scott’s Catholicism Blog
